Packing and process of making the same.



C. LHILL. PACKING ANDjP ROCiSS OF MAKING THE SAME. APPLICAUON mzn ms. 20. 1915 Patented Jan; 18, 1916.

l/Vl/ENTOR A TTORIVEYS GHESTER'L; HILL, OF LANCASTER, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO UNITED STATES ASBESTOS COMPANY, OF IVIANI-IEIM, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENN- SYLVANIA.

PACKING AND PROCESS OF MAKING THESAME- To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHESTER L. HILL, a citizen of the United States, residing at -Lancaster, in'the county of Lancaster and -State of Pennsylvania, have invented cer-v tration,- and further illustrates the process by which it is made, and the said invention is fully disclosed in the following description and claims.

In the manufacture of packing for stufiing boxes and other purposes, it has been customary to form a core of asbestos or other suitable material and to cover the same with an exterior casing which has been applied to the core in several different ways. For example, it has been proposed to form a cover by wrapping a sheet of woven or other textile fabric around the core and secure the overlapping edges thereof longitudinally of the packing strip by a suitable adhesive ma- ,terial or otherwise; it has'also been proposed to form the casing of braided material in which the strands of the braided fabric extend diagonally with respect to each other; and it has also been proposed to form a woven tube separate and apart from the core and to draw the core through the, tube. 40 All these forms of packing are subject to objections which it is the aim of the present invention to overcome. In theuse of the packing having the fabric casing with overlapping edges, the bending of the packing into ring form and especially the expansion of the core due to moisture or wear, causes the casing to open or split along the overlapped edges. In the case'of the packing provided with braided covering, the core is not properly confined owing to the fact that a braid is of indeterminable diameter varying under longitudinal and transverse strain,

and in the case of a packing in which the.

core is inserted in a previously formed woven tube, the tube must of necessity be Specification of Letters Patent. t t Jan, 1 1 Application filed. February 20, 1915. Serial No. 9,538. i

sufficiently larger than the core to permit the core to be drawn in, and the resulting packing is flimsy and liable to transverse distortion. These difiiculties andobjections tightly upon the core at the time of interweaving them with the warps, so that the casing is formed directly upon the core and binds i't firmly so that practically little or no distortion of the resulting packing can occur, and the swelling of the core by the absorption'ofoils or other liquids is practically prevented.

In the drawing forming part of this specification, Figure 1 represents an elevation of a portion of the compressible core with the non-expansible woven casing ap-' plied to part of the same, portions of the warp and weft threads being shown beyond the confines of the fabric, to illustrate the manner in which, the fabric is formed upon the core. Fig. 2 represents a transverse sectional view of my improved packing. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the same.

- In carrying out my invention, I first form a compressible core. This may be formed in various ways. I prefer howeverto form it as shown in Fig. 2 by first preparing a series of laps or layers of woven fabric preferably asbestos cloth 1, which may be folded longitudinally back and forth upon itself, or

folded longitudinally into a spiral roll, as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawing, or the core may be formed in any other way which will producea substantial body of compressible material or fabric of the required cross secstrip 2 to the exterior ply or layer of the fabric 1 for the same purpose and to' preliminarily press the core by means of rollers or dies or in any other desired manner to give it a square, round, or other uniform cross section. For the adhesive material, I also prefer to use what Iterm a self-vulcam izing rubber composition, that is to say, a

liquid or semi-liquid rubber compound which will tend to vulcanize by virtue of the heat to whichthe packing is always exposed in the stuffing box or other location inswhich it is used, but I do not limit myself to this particular adhesive.

The core having been formed in the man'- -ner described I apply thereto an integral substantially non-expansible casing which is -formed directly upon thecore, ordinarily beginning at one end'and progressing gradually to the other. This casing comprises a series ofwarp threads indicated at 3 in the drawing, disposed longitudinally with respect to the core and entirely surrounding the same, and one, two or more weft threads, indicated at 4"in the drawing,'whichare disposed substantially transversely with 'respect to the warp threads and lie incontinuous coils around the .core, and are interwoven with the warp threads, and simultaneously drawn tightly around and upon the core so as to form a tight inclosing cas ing which confines the core tightly within the same and prevents any movement of the core within the casing beyond that necessitated in bending the-completed packing into circular form to place it in a stufling box or other location in which it is used.

The weaving operation may be performed in any desired or convenient manner. I prefer to perform it on what is known as a circular loom, by feedingthe prepared compressible core centrally through the. loom,

and preferably through a loom having its circular shuttle course 'of such diameter that the weft thread or threads will be'tightly drawn around and upon the core throughout the entire length of the packing. The finished packing is indicated at 5 in Fig. 1 and in section in Fig. 2.

I-prefer to form the casing of warp and 'weft' threads made of asbestos having the necessary tensile strength so that the weft threads can be tightly drawn around and upon the compressible core as they are interwoven with the warp threads, thereby compressing the core to a greater or less extent as desired, according to therequirements of the packing. Thus, if a very hard packing is required, the weft'threads will be drawn more tightly and made to compress the core to a greater extent than in the case of a comparatively softer packing, in which the weft threads may simply be drawn tight enough to firmly grasp and confinethecore. In any case, however, it, will be readily under- 'stood' that in my improved packing, the easing grips and confines the core and 'gives'to. the packing a firmness and solidity which isextremely desirable.= It will also be "seen that-as the casingsis non-expansible to all intents and purposes, [the absorption of" liquid'by the absorbent portion ofthe core can have no effect of changing the diameter Y 3 o'ftlie packing or biarsti'ng or injuring the H integral inclosing-casing. At the same time it will be understood-that my'impro v'ed packing maybe compressed in a gland'ior otherwise so as to increase itsv diameter in a direction perpendicular to the line of-pres I sure and make a tight joint. V w

I prefer, after the integral non-expansible casing is woven tightly upon the core, to

give the packinga final shaping by means 5 I of a suitable mold or rollers, orv otherwise, I

especially where a substantially rectangular cross section is desired, although'this' is not essential. my improved packing may be saturated It will also be understood that with lubricating or other "li ui'dat the time of its manufacture or at any other time without causing; the swelling or distortion of the packing or bursting of or injury to the inclosing integral" casing. The packin is preferably made in lengths which are ro lled -or coiled or otherwise prepared for shipment, and in use is formed into rings or gaskets or'coils and used in stufiing boxes.

or other locations where a packingis desired and 1s made 1n different diametersand cross sectlons, accordlng to the uses for which it is particularly designed-9' I. also v prefer to impregnate the-casing with a vulcanizing' adhesive material, as forexample, a vulcanizable rubber solution which may be applied to the warp and weft threads before or at the time of weaving them, for it may be applied to the casing after the same is completed. This treatment of the casing assists in retaining the cross'sectional forin of the packing and also in retaining the lubricating liquidor material with which the packing or particularly the absorbent drawing the weft, threads tightly thereon,

' which tends to impress both the weft threads and the warp threads into the compressible core and-this interlocking of the core with.

the casing is accentuated by the subsequent shaping-operation, in which the completed packing is or may be forced into its final cross sectional form. In any event, the tight grip of the caslng upon the core produces a close interlocking of the war and weft threads of the casing with t e core andmakes a more homogeneous packing than could otherwise be produced. The inter locking engagement of the core and casing also tends to prevent the core from slipping or moving with respect to the casing, and in bending, the packing into ring or spiral form, there is practically no elongation at the QutercircumferentiaI portions of the,

casingor core,while a slight compressing takes place adjacent to the inner circumferential, portions of the casing and the core. .Therefore ,;in.,.bending the packing, it

tends to become more substantial rather than less substantial or attenuated, and this increases the eifectiveness of the packing ,ters Patent is What I claim anddesire to secure by Let- I. The herein described process of making packing, which consists in forming a compressible'core, applying thereto a plu; rality of warps disposed longitudinally of and entirely surrounding the core, and'interweav'ing with said warps, weft coils extending continuously around the core substantially'perpendicular to the warps, and

' drawing said weft coils tightly around the I core at the time of interweaving each coil of the same with thewarps, to form a nonstretching seamless woven a inclosing, casing tightlycmbracin said core.

2. The herein es'cribed process of making packing, which consists in forming a compressible core of superimposed layers of fabric, adhesively united,adhesively applying a'rubber cushion member thereto, and thenv applying longitudinal warps entirely around the composite. core, and interweaving with said-warps, weft coils extending continuously around the core and substantially perpendicular to'the warps, and draw ing said weft coils tightly around the core to form a seamless non-stretching inclosing casing upon the core. I I 1 3. The herein described process of making packing, which consists in forming a compressible core and weaving directly thereon a seamless inclosing casing, by applying aplurality of longitudinally extending warps entirely around the core and transversel i erpe'ndicular. to the said edjcontinuous" weft coils, substantial P i warp and weft coiijs being impregnated with core andtransversely disposed asbestos weft coils extending continuously around the core and interwoven with said warps, eachweft 011 being tightly dr p n and b I i ing the inclosed core.

, 5. As a new article of manufacture, a packing consisting of a core comprising. a plurality of plies of asbestos fabric and a rubber cushion member united thereto, and

an inclosing seamless rron stretching woven casing consistlng of longitudinally extend ing asbestos warps, entirely surrounding said core and transversely disposed asbestos 2 weft coils extending continuously around i the core and interwoven with said warps, each Weft coil being tightly drawn upon and embracing theinclosed core, said warps and weft coils being impregnated with vul- .icanizable adhesive material.

6. As a new article of manufacture, a packing for stufling boxes and the like, consisting of a compressible core, and a seam]- less substantially non-stretching woven casing surrounding the same, consisting of longitudinally extending warps and continuous weft coils interwoven therewith, the warps and weft coils being embedded in the exterior surface portion of the compressible core, and interlocked therewith, and held in.

suchinterlocked relation with the core by said weft coils. I

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature, in the presence of two witnesses. CHESTER? L. HILL,

Witnesses: i I 1 J. GIT: EsHLEMAN, HrnBnR'r H. GABLE. 

